Taxpayers already double pay for government info – at least 43.3 Billion/Yr!

From time to time we at FGI hear from people who don't think that federal government information should be free. They talk about how giving information away that the private sector could sell is "unfair competition." While we at FGI have talked about how government information is already paid for through citizen taxes, the Government Accountability Office released a report last week that shows that citizens are already charged twice for information -- once through their taxes and again by the many hours they are compelled to do government paperwork. The study: Paperwork Reduction Act: Increase in Estimated Burden Hours Highlights Need for New Approach, GAO-06-974T, July 18, 2006 has this to say about the number of hours Americans spend filling out paperwork:

After 2 years of slight declines, OMB reports that paperwork burden grew in fiscal year 2005 and is expected to increase further in fiscal year 2006. Estimates in OMB's annual report to Congress show that the total paperwork burden imposed by federal information collections increased last year to about 8.4 billion hours--an increase of 5.5 percent from the previous year's total of about 8.0 billion hours.
In nearly all cases, not filling out these forms is non-optional and in many cases is used to build government information products. How much does this time contribution translate into dollars? If we make the absurdly conservative assumption that every person filling out a government form is paid the federal minimum wage of $5.15/hr, then 8.4 billion hours works out to $43.6 this year alone. Nearly forty-four billion dollars a year in confiscated time to generate the raw data to build federal information products. If Congress appropriated a tenth of that amount just one year, I bet it would be enough to endow the Government Printing Office (GPO) with enough funds that they could scrap their sales program and provide free information to every citizen for the next century. With that much money, we could probably endow the sales only National Technical Information Service so it could become a free information dissemination service too. So to subject Americans to buying government information projects isn't just double billing, it's really triple billing! We say no! Just to clarify, the GAO report did not directly address the dissemination of government information, but does clearly show the citizen's burden in providing raw data to the government. Continue reading

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Attn Bloglines Subscribers – Please vote in poll!

This entry is aimed squarely at the 133 of you currently subscribing to our RSS feed through Bloglines. If you subscribe to the RSS feeds through another reader service, please keep reading. As we've mentioned before, we at FGI are trying to get feedback on the types of stories and topics users would like us to cover. So we set up a poll. But so far only 12 people have voted in our poll and none have left comments. Since you've gone to the trouble of subscribing to the FGI feed, it seems like you have at least a passing interest in what we post here. So we'd like to hear from you. So please take just a moment to open our poll and vote on the kind of stories you'd like to see in the future. If you're NOT reading this post through a feed reader, we'd still like to hear from you!. If you don't want to vote in our poll but still would like to help steer our coverage, please either leave a note in the comments below or e-mail us at admin "AT" freegovinfo.info. Thanks! Continue reading

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50 State Blue Book Guide Updated

Thanks to a bundle of information provided by Jennifer Manning of the Congressional Research Service (CRS), I have updated my 50 State Bluebook Guide. Where CRS indicated that a blue book was not available online and I hadn't found one in print I included their links to "state facts" pages. But there are a few states left where neither I nor the good staff of the Congressional Research Service could come up with either a blue book or an official gov't handy guide to state facts, preferable online:

  • ARKANSAS
  • GEORGIA
  • LOUISIANA
  • NEW JERSEY
  • SOUTH CAROLINA
If you have knowledge about a "blue book" like title/government directory/state facts site for one of the states above, would you either mention it in comments below or in e-mail to dnlcornwall AT alaska.net? Thanks! Continue reading

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Toward estimating file sizes of online federal documents

Earlier this year, Daniel estimated the average size of an online federal document as between 5MB and 10MB. Libraries investigating digital deposit and provision of permanent public access to these resources need to estimate the cost of storage for these documents.

For the past week, I've played around in an entirely nonrandom sample of online docs to try to get an accurate estimate. Although I'm not close to a reliable estimate, I'd still like to share what I've done...

The process:

  1. grabbed all (1,234) MARC records with 856 fields from DDM2 for the GPO Timestamp range 2006 06 01 - 2006 06 30
  2. used wget to retrieve all URLs listed in those 856 fields
  3. slapped the wget logs into a vaguely useful excel spreadsheet (thanks to liberal regexp-ing in jEdit)

The basic results:

TOTAL URLS 1342
TOTAL SIZE MB 2004.7
AVG SIZE KB 1530

'Course, these numbers don't mean much against a little scrutiny. The 856 field often points to table of contents pages (when it points to the document at all...), and that single page is all that gets counted in this simple investigation.

PDF files might offer a better estimate than HTML files. Although publishers can split up documents into multiple PDF files and have a "Table of Contents" PDF file point to these multiple resources composing a single bibliographic unit, this doesn't appear to be too common. When 856 fields point to PDF files, they tend to be self-sufficient, whole bibliographic units. So here are the numbers for pdf files retrieved using the 856 fields:

FILETYPE pdf
TOTAL URLS 815
TOTAL SIZE MB 1961
AVG SIZE KB 2464
STD DEV SIZE KB 7605
MAX SIZE KB 148902

In a true demonstration of futility, I looked at 124 of the HTML files (of the 525 in the June 2006 DDM2 sample) that are stopping points for the 856 pointers. Most of these totally-non-random-sample HTML pages to not constitute the entire document described in the MARC record. I developed various wget capture strategies for 84 of these online documents, and the average size of the "cluster" of files captured per 856 pointer was 8.17 MB (median: 3.19 MB, std dev: 13.09 MB).

In a vaguely related exercise, I grabbed the various files composing Foreign Relations of the United States, vols. E-1, E-5, and E-7. Sure, they're outliers w/r/t size, but I thought I'd mention them anyway...

VOL MB FILES
E-1 318 880
E-5 143 687
E-7 618 892

CONCLUSION:

I don't have one yet. At the end of the week, though, 5-10 MB seems like a pretty good estimate to me.

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Part 11: Nonlawyer’s Journey through Title 44 – Introducing the Sales Program

This post, all earlier postings in this series, and my "not a lawyer" disclaimer can be found at http://freegovinfo.info/title44 or through our library under Nonlawyer's Journey through Title 44. After a few weeks hiatus, I'm ready to tackle another major section of Title 44 that affects the dissemination of government information and Federal Depository Libraries. I'm speaking of 44 USC chapter 17: Distribution and sale of public documents. While this is a section of law that many depository librarians, myself included, wish didn't exist, it does and so needs to be examined. In addition, it was first proposed with good intentions. In an age of paper, the Sales Program helped provide some of the funding needed to make publications freely available to the public through Federal Depository Libraries. In a mostly electronic age I believe that the existence of the sales program is a direct threat to free access to government information, at least to access at times and places of a citizen's choosing. But I'll more to say about the interactions current and possibly future between the depository program and the sales program after we've concluded our examination of chapter 17. Unless people ask questions either through comments or by e-mailing me at dnlcornwall AT alaska.net We begin our consideration of chapter 17 with Sec. 1701:

TITLE 44--PUBLIC PRINTING AND DOCUMENTS CHAPTER 17--DISTRIBUTION AND SALE OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS Sec. 1701. Publications for public distribution to be distributed by the Public Printer; mailing lists Money appropriated by any Act may not be used for services in an executive department or other Government establishment at the District of Columbia, in the work of addressing, wrapping, mailing, or otherwise dispatching a publication for public distribution, except maps, weather reports, and weather cards issued by them or for the purchase of material or supplies to be used in this work. The Public Printer shall perform this work at the Government Printing Office. The head of an executive department, independent office, and establishment of the Government at the District of Columbia, shall furnish from time to time to the Public Printer mailing lists, in convenient form, and changes in them, or penalty mail slips, for use in the public distribution of publications issued by the department or establishment. The Public Printer may furnish copies of a publication only in accordance with law or the instruction of the head of the department or establishment issuing the publication. This section does not apply to orders, instructions, directions, notices, or circulars of information printed for and issued by an executive department or other Government establishment or to the distribution of public documents by Senators or Members of the House of Representatives or to the Senate Service Department, House of Representatives Publications Distribution Service, and document rooms of the Senate or House of Representatives. (Pub. L. 90-620, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1278.) Historical and Revision Notes Based on 44 U.S. Code, 1964 ed., Sec. 95 (Aug. 23, 1912, ch. 350, Sec. 8, 37 Stat. 414; July 2, 1954, ch. 455, title I, Sec. 101, 68 Stat. 397). ``House of Representatives Publications Distribution Service'' is substituted for ``House Folding Room'' because of the change of name under authority of Public Law 88-652. The term ``executive department, independent office, and establishment of the Government'' is substituted for ``executive department and other Government establishment'' for uniformity. Section Referred to in Other Sections This section is referred to in section 1722 of this title.
As near as I can read this section, it seems to keep maintenance of mailing lists of items with the agencies, while insuring that agency money won't be used in mailing publications to customers. But if a publication is being distributed within the government only, then the agency picks up the distribution tab. If someone has some better insight, please offer it in the comments. Next time we will look at 44 USC 1702, which spells out some of the sales duties of the Superintendent of Documents, the same official who is in charge of the Federal Depository Library Program. [Update - July 25, 2006] I was mistaken about the Sales Program EVER subsidizing the depository program. Here is the the real story straight for Superintendent of Documents Judy Russell:
----- Original Message ----- From: "Russell, Judith C. (SuDoc)" To: "'Discussion of Government Document Issues'" Cc: Sent: Tuesday, July 25, 2006 5:05 AM Subject: RE: New Discussions at FGI: July 24, 2006 In his most recent analysis of Title 44, Dan Cornwall states: "In an age of paper, the Sales Program helped provide some of the funding needed to make publications freely available to the public through Federal Depository Libraries." The GPO Sales Program is by statute a self-sustaining program. Revenue from the Sales Program has never been used to fund the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP), which receives its funding from annual Congressional appropriations. By providing a means for individuals and organizations to purchase copies of Federal government publications, the GPO Sales Program complements free public access through tangible depository collections and free online access. It will continue to serve the public by providing an alternative to using tangible Federal publications in libraries or downloading/printing copies from the Internet. Judy Russell Judith C. Russell (jrussell@gpo.gov) Managing Director, Information Dissemination (Superintendent of Documents) U.S. Government Printing Office Phone: 202-512-0571 Fax: 202-512-1434
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